Malaysia free essay sample

Malaysia has been perceived by the world as a model for other plural social orders. The idea of ‘unity in diversity’ is constantly demanded by the pioneers. The idea is presently bolstered with the ‘1 Malaysia’ idea which is presented by the present Prime Minister. The Malaysian government is constantly invested amounts of energy to guarantee the solidarity among the individuals in light of the fact that the solidarity is significant for national solidarity. The national solidarity will guarantee the country’s flourishing and the thriving will make national combination. The solidarity and coordination is a definitive point of advancement. Solidarity can be characterized as a procedure of framing a national personality among different gatherings that have contrasts in convictions, societies, customs, governmental issues, social, monetary capacities and area into a political substance. WHAT ARE THE OBSTACLES THAT FACED BY THE GOV. IN IMPOSTING UNITY ON ITS CITIZEN? Accomplishing national combination isn't a simple undertaking, yet endeavors must go on. We will compose a custom article test on Malaysia or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This is because of the presence of financial, social, social, private and world view among the individuals. In this manner, the Malaysian government since the autonomy of the nation has invested unlimited amounts of energy towards accomplishing the national combination. As a rule, there are three primary impediments that the nation needs to face and resolve. They are partiality and, communalism Prejudice Do you realize what bias is? It alludes to the mentality towards others dependent on confirmations which isn't concrete and may not be right. In Malaysia setting, this sort of pre-critical mentality despite everything exists among races despite the fact that much positive data is given. Prejudice Communalism alludes to the mentality of preferring one’s own ethnic gathering. This sort of feeling is additionally common in Malaysia. For instance, the ideological groups that exist in Malaysia are still on ethnic base. The national philosophy has five standards: (i)Belief in God (ii)Loyalty to King and Country (iii)Nobleness of the Constitution (iv)Sovereignty of the Law (v)Courtesy and Decency as a rule, the targets of the national belief system are: (i)To accomplish a more prominent solidarity among the individuals (ii)To keep up vote based lifestyle National Service Develop a youthful age who are energetic and with affection and commitment for their nation Enhance solidarity among the multi-racial networks in the nation New Economic Policy (NEP) NEP is a monetary methodology by the administration. It was presented in 1970 after the racial uproar of 13 May 1969. The primary explanation that caused the mob is because of monetary explanation in which there was wide financial hole between the races particularly between the Malays and Chinese. The NEP is considered as a financial turn of events and national solidarity program in a multiracial society. In this way, the NEP was acquainted with annihilate the financial hole between individuals in provincial and town region. On the off chance that we look inside and out, there was awkwardness of riches conveyance between the races and individuals that have been referenced previously. Other than that, before the uproar of 1969 up to the NEP, races were recognized through their financial capacity. For instance, the Chinese were perceived as vendors and specialists since they overwhelmed the monetary exercises, the Malays as ranchers since they lived in country territories and the Indians as bequest works since they lived in domains. In light of this circumstance, the NEP was made as such with two dimensional point: * To diminish and annihilate neediness by expanding salary and openings for work to all residents without taking a gander at their races * To rebuild networks so as to lessen and delete the recognizable proof of races through monetary capacity National Education Policy Since freedom, numerous instructive reports have been executed so as to join together and incorporate the individuals. During the British provincial, they didn't have a reasonable training strategy. They permitted training to form into four isolated streams which depended on ethnicity †English, Malay, Chinese and Tamil. Every one of the streams had its own destinations, schedule (typically taken from their nation of starting point), educating gauges. The Chinese for instance, utilized Chinese language as the vehicle of guidance and youngsters were presented to the historical backdrop of China. Malayan history was completely avoided from the prospectus in like manner the Tamil school. This happened in view of the gap and rule strategy of the British who would not like to see the individuals joined together. In their eyes, when individuals joined together, all races would against them. After the annihilation of Japanese in the World War II, the British returned to lead the nation. The neighborhood chiefs put onto them strain to smooth out the training framework so as to advance racial solidarity. Advancing the utilization of national language In the Main Provisions of the Constitution, Malay language is made as the national language of the nation. It is utilized to advance solidarity among the individuals. Barely any axioms have been made to advance solidarity through the national language, for example, ‘Language is the Soul of the Nation’ (Bahasa Jiwa Bangsa) and ‘Language Unite the nation’ (Bahasa Menyatukan Bangsa). To have the option to convey and associate agreeably between various races, Malaysians are likewise urged to learn and to communicate in the dialects of different races in the nation from youthful age. Ideological groups partnership The reality of the administration to guarantee the solidarity can be seen from the beginning time of the ‘birth’ of Malaysia. Pioneers in the past, for example, TAR and the others contended so energetically to get the freedom of Malaysia. The pioneers from the significant three races I. e Malays, Chinese and Indians had stepped up to the plate and structure partnership among the ideological groups that speak to those three races. Therefore, National Front (Barisan National) that is a partnership between UMNO, MIC and MCA was set up in 1951. Till today, the Barisan National even won the thirteenth General Election! As you would see it, HOW UNITY CAN BE INTERGRATED INTO US MALAYSIANS? As I would see it, since solidarity is the foundation of the security of our nation, it must be asked that solidarity must be incorporated by all the residents of Malaysia. National solidarity can be coordinated through the act of equivalent rights. Like what Abraham Lincoln stated, all men are equivalent under the steady gaze of the law. At the point when this demonstration is done, the lion's share and minority races will get equivalent treatment in any type of help that is being given out. In the event that it neglects to complete, inadmissible and outrage will be felt by the â€Å"discriminated† gatherings and therefore, racial issues will occurred and upset the country’s improvement. National solidarity in Malaysia is unquestionably significant as a nation can't advance without the co-activity of the individuals in the nation. Then again, the legislature ought to force heavier disciplines on those individuals who are executing their uncontrollable demonstrations which are associated with despise and prejudice. Disciplines like prison him for attempting to upset the harmony in the nation ought to be forced on those transgressors. It is fundamental for this activity to be completed in light of the fact that once these disciplines are being executed; individuals who are endeavoring to do their likely arrangements will reconsider before they do it. The second these demonstrations of rubbish stop, harmony will by and by be in our cherished country. Another approach to coordinate national solidarity in our nation is by having politically stable nation. The political gatherings in our nation as of late are by and large serious to shape the legislature as opposed to having the people’s government assistance on a basic level. Ideological groups in our property ought to be increasingly worried about the citizens’ hardships that they are confronting each day. By doing that, not just the ideological group will contribute massively to the mix of national solidarity, however it will likewise pick up the trust of the residents to choose the specific party to speak to them as a country. The specific party should likewise place their central core into this as national solidarity is the spine to our country’s soundness and respectability. To wrap things up, national solidarity can be accomplished when guardians and gatekeepers assume their parts as good examples and not choose not to see towards this scourge is tormenting most nations. Watchmen and guardians ought to never censure individuals of different races before their youngsters. As indicated by an examination made by kid specialists, kids as a rule follow the qualities and mentality of their folks or gatekeepers. This is the primary motivation behind why guardians and watchmen ought to consistently be a guide to their kids with the goal that when their youngsters grow up, they will no longer have the mindset that their ethnicity is consistently over different races with regards to studies, sports or individual capacities. Determination It isn't an uncertainty that national solidarity is significant in our nation. The significance of making and keeping up solidarity and incorporation can't be undermined. National solidarity and mix is crucial for Malaysian on the off chance that they need to live in harmony and amicability. It is the unrivaled thing that keeps we all bound together, permitting us to live with each other in harmony and concordance. National solidarity is, obviously, conceivable and attainable yet it must be gotten bit by bit. As it passes by the idiom, Rome wan’t worked in a day. In this manner, we should all cooperate for a superior Malaysia.

Critical Essay on Beowulf

Basic Essay on Beowulf Basic Essay on Beowulf Beowulf is an epic sonnet where the plot is expected to depict the one of a kind bravery of German warriors. As the poem’s primary character, Beowulf shows excellent intensity and uncommon quality at whatever point went up against by wild adversaries. Also, he invests heavily in his brilliant activities that have earned him incredible distinction all through the sonnet. The peruser can without much of a stretch perceive in the epic the extraordinary chivalrous estimations of a general public, for example, the duty to respect the obligations of a pioneer, while simultaneously dismissing the security of his warriors with an end goal to vanquish a perilous enemy. For example, Beowulf permits Grendel to execute a portion of the warriors with an end goal to astound Grendel when he goes after Beowulf. Beowulf additionally sets aside reasonability when he seeks after and battles with Grendel’s mother. Basing on the brave idea of the sonnet, one would have anticipated that Beow ulf should put the security of his men before whatever else. Despite what might be expected, Beowulf’s plan to overcome the beast overrides his anxiety for lives of his men. Unmistakably, Beowulf concentrates more on what is anticipated from a saint from his kin than he accomplishes for individual security or the wellbeing of the individuals who serve under him. This sonnet offers two viewpoints of the key character. On the one side is a courageous Beowulf who is extremely valiant in fight and leads his kin to triumph. The saint angle in Beowulf starts for the principle character at a youthful age, when he strongly takes an interest in shielding his realm by battling two savage beasts. As the sonnet closes, Beowulf is viewed as a prepared ruler who is seen by his kin as a veteran gatekeeper. Because of his courageous authority, the Gaelic individuals appreciate significant harmony just as thriving. Correspondingly, when a mythical beast undermines the security of the Gaelic individuals, the older ruler utilizes his chivalrous fortitude to battle only it. As is common in any realm drove by a brave individual, the passing of Beowulf is trailed by the possible obliteration of the Gaelic individuals. Then again, the sonnet presents not many highlights of Beowulf as a customary person. Clearly the artist has decided to a great extent overlook Beowulf’s human perspectives, and rather, delineates him as a superhuman legend. This is outlined in the poet’s inclination to focus on the excellent adventures attempted by Beowulf, normally the murdering of fierce beasts. In view of this conscious oversight, the peruser handles an insignificant comprehension of Beowulf’s day by day movement and the manner in which he relates with his nearest relates. Correspondingly, the peruser is just ready to get a considerably crude image of what Beowulf’s genuine emotions are. The explanation behind this is on the grounds that the reason for the epic sonnet is to delineate to its kin the qualities they are to imitate in their own lives. Be that as it may, taking into account that Beowulf’s valor doesn't shield him from events basic to individuals, for example, endurin g, maturing, and passing, it would have been exceptional if the artist offered an image of the human side of this evidently courageous warrior, also. Tips on basic exposition composing: A few understudies discover writing hard to understand. Such understudies are probably going to discover basic investigations of artistic works exceptionally supportive. Along these lines, when composing a basic article on a sonnet, for example, Beowulf, one should keep the language as basic as could reasonably be expected. Definitely, the author must abstain from rehashing phrases utilized in the sonnet. Another indication to great paper investigating is to feature significant issues, and afterward distinguish botches or insufficiently tended to regions. This will allure the peruser to need to peruse a greater amount of the sonnet, notwithstanding showing him how to evaluate a sonnet. Our custom article composing administration is intended to help with composing your basic expositions on different points and subjects.

Benefits of Positive Thinking for Body and Mind

Benefits of Positive Thinking for Body and Mind More in Stress Management Effects on Health Management Techniques Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress You have probably had someone tell you to look on the bright side or to see the cup as half full. Chances are good that the people who make these comments are positive thinkers. Researchers are finding more and more evidence pointing to the many benefits of optimism and positive thinking. Such findings suggest that not only are positive thinkers healthier and less stressed, they also have greater overall well-being. According to positive psychology researcher Suzanne Segerstrom, Setbacks are inherent to almost every worthwhile human activity, and a number of studies show that optimists are in general both psychologically and physiologically healthier. Benefits of Positive Thinking Even if positive thinking does not come naturally to you, there are plenty of great reasons to start cultivating affirmative thoughts and minimizing negative self-talk. How to Practice Positive Thinking Stress Relief When faced with stressful situations, positive thinkers cope more effectively than pessimists. In one study, researchers found that when optimists encounter a disappointment (such as not getting a job or promotion) they are more likely to focus on things they can do to resolve the situation. Rather than dwelling on their frustrations or things that they cannot change, they will devise a plan of action and ask others for assistance and advice. Pessimists, on the other hand, simply assume that the situation is out of their control and there is nothing they can do to change it. Increased Immunity In recent years, researchers have found that your mind can have a powerful effect on your body. Immunity is one area where your thoughts and attitudes can have a particularly powerful influence. In one study, researchers found that activation in brain areas associated with negative emotions led to a weaker immune response to a flu vaccine. Researchers Segerstrom and Sephton found that people who were optimistic about a specific and important part of their lives, such as how well they were doing in school, exhibited a stronger immune response than those who had a more negative view of the situation. Improved Wellness Not only can positive thinking impact your ability to cope with stress and your immunity, it also has an impact on your overall well-being. The Mayo Clinic reports a number of health benefits associated with optimism, including a reduced risk of death from cardiovascular problems, less depression, and an increased lifespan. While researchers are not entirely clear on why positive thinking benefits health, some suggest that positive people might lead healthier lifestyles. By coping better with stress and avoiding unhealthy behaviors, they are able to improve their health and well-being. Better Resilience Resilience refers to our ability to cope with problems. Resilient people are able to face a crisis or trauma with strength and resolve. Rather than falling apart in the face of such stress, they have the ability to carry on and eventually overcome such adversity. It may come as no surprise to learn that positive thinking can play a major role in resilience. When dealing with a challenge, optimists typically look at what they can do to fix the problem. Instead of giving up hope, they marshal their resources and are willing to ask others for help. Researchers have also found that in the wake of a crisis, such as a terrorist attack or natural disaster, positive thoughts and emotions encourage thriving and provide a sort of buffer against depression among resilient people. Fortunately, experts also believe that such positivism and resilience can be cultivated. By nurturing positive emotions, even in the face of terrible events, people can reap both short-term and long-term rewards, including managing stress levels, lessening depression, and building coping skills that will serve them well in the future. How Resilience Helps With the Coping of Crisis A Word From Verywell Before you put on those rose-colored glasses, it is important to note that positive thinking is not about taking a Pollyanna approach to life. In fact, researchers have found that in some instances, optimism might not serve you well. For example, people who are excessively optimistic might overestimate their own abilities and take on more than they can handle, ultimately leading to more stress and anxiety. Instead of ignoring reality in favor of the silver lining, psychologists suggest that positive thinking centers on such things as a belief in your abilities, a positive approach to challenges, and trying to make the most of the bad situations. Bad things will happen. Sometimes you will be disappointed or hurt by the actions of others. This does not mean that the world is out to get you or that all people will let you down. Instead, positive thinkers will look at the situation realistically, search for ways that they can improve the situation, and try to learn from their experiences.

Women Should Have 3d Mammograms - 1394 Words

Women Should Have 3D Mammograms Standard Number; 6.4.D Technology has changed drastically over the last several decades; for instance, telephones have gone from rotary style with party lines to individual wireless phones the size of your palm. Similarly, mammograms have gone through a transformation due to technological advances. In the past, mammograms were performed by compressing breast tissue, and a series of 2D pictures were taken. This process took a long time and was very painful and uncomfortable. This made many women reluctant to go through the process of mammography; however, in the last few years, a new form of mammography has been evolving with new technology. The old 2D mammography has been updated to the new style of 3D†¦show more content†¦Additionally, invasive tumors that may not be detected by regular mammograms are detectable by 3D mammography (â€Å"3D Mammograms†). The one-size-fits-all mammography testing and guidelines have changed over the years due to the fact that there are differences in the siz e and density of breasts. The detection rates of lumps and suspicious tissues in the breast area have also risen with the 3D mammography. This is why it is important to have a 3D mammography along with a standard digital mammography (â€Å"3DMammography†) The second reason men and women should have a 3D mammography is the clearer picture that is produced. It allows a doctor to see lumps and cancerous tissues that would be otherwise hidden on the standard mammography because the breast tissues are compressed, which creates overlapping sections of breast tissue. The standard 2D mammography is not able to see what is in the depths of the overlapping tissues as it uses only two directions to take each picture in the series of pictures (â€Å"Digital†). 3D mammography is a new kind of testing, which eliminates multiple x-rays of the breast area as it uses an x-ray tube that takes eleven pictures in seven seconds while moving in an arc around the breast, and creating a 3D image (â€Å"Digital†). 3D mammograms will show if there is any type of small lump. It can detect the cancerous cells and lumps better as result of better imaging and with less pressure than a

Defendant s Position With Respect - 1463 Words

DEFENDANT’S POSITION WITH RESPECT TO SENTENCING COMES NOW the Defendant, Josue Emmanuel Rivera Lemus, by and through counsel, Vernida R. Chaney, and pursuant to18 U.S.C.  § 3553(a), Rule 32 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, Section 6A1.2 the United States Sentencing Commission, Guidelines Manual (â€Å"U.S.S.G.† or the â€Å"Guidelines†), United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220 (2005), United States v. Hughes, 401 F.3d 540 (4th Cir. 2005), and this Court’s Policy Regarding Procedure to be followed in Sentencing, represents that he has reviewed the Probation Office’s Presentence Investigation Report and submits the Defendant’s Position with Respect to Sentencing to aid the Court in determining an appropriate sentence. I. LEGAL STANDARD†¦show more content†¦18 U.S.C.  §Ã‚ § 3553(a), (a)(2)(A-D). The court, in determining the particular sentence to be imposed, shall also consider the nature and circumstances of the offense and the history and characteristics of the defendant. 18 U.S.C.  § 3553(a)(1). These factors, along with others specified in Section 3553 and any other factors the court deems relevant, must be considered, along with the Guidelines, when determining the appropriate sentence. II. SENTENCING GUIDELINES The Guidelines provide for a base offense level of 30 for this offense, pursuant to U.S.S.G §Ã‚ § 2D1.1(a)(5)(c)(4). Taking into account Mr. Rivera Lemus’s acceptance of responsibility, the total offense level is decreased to 27, pursuant to U.S.S.G §Ã‚ § 3E1.1(a)-(b). Mr. Rivera Lemus’s prior criminal record includes three driving related offenses; driving while impaired and driving on a revoked license; which elevates his Criminal History Category from I to III. Since Mr. Rivera Lemus’s prior criminal record subjects him to a Criminal History Category III, he is ineligible for relief pursuant to the safety value provision of U.S.S.G § 5C1.2. Mr. Rivera Lemus’s calculated Guidelines Range is 87 – 108 months incarceration; however, the statutory minimum is 120 months imprisonment. This statutory minimum represents more than 12 - 33 months over Mr. Rivera Lemus’s Guidelines. III. 18 U.S.C. 3553(A) FACTORS AND CONSIDERATIONS A. The Nature and

Adam Smith and Karl Marx Essay Free Essays

Adam Smith and Karl Marx Modern political economic theory and philosophy can be greatly attributed to the works of two men who seemingly held polar opposite views on the subject. Adam Smith, a Scottish philosopher, published his most well known work An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations in 1776 and is most often associated with the ideas and principles of the political economic system known as Capitalism. At the other end of the spectrum is Karl Marx; the German philosopher most often associated with Communism and the author (or co-author) of The Communist Manifesto. We will write a custom essay sample on Adam Smith and Karl Marx Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper seeks to discuss the core differences in their respective political economic philosophies with regards to what economic value is and what the role of government should be in their versions of political economy. This will conclude with the argument that while Smith’s work had laid the foundation for modern economic philosophy, it was Marx who would ultimately leave the most significant impression upon the world with his revolutionary ideas. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (commonly abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations) is considered to be the first full treatment on the study of Economics. This work essentially lays the foundation for the economic system known as Capitalism. Interestingly enough, Capitalism was a term first brought into the public debate, somewhat pejoratively, by Karl Marx himself in describing a â€Å"capitalist† as a private owner of capital or the means or production. (â€Å"Capitalism† (Wikipedia), 2008). A consensus definition of this idea is an economic system based on private individual ownership of property in which the distribution of goods is determined freely by competing market forces and investments are made by individuals. (â€Å"Capitalism† (Merriam-Webster), 2008). In a Capitalist society, individuals are free to own property and invest their capital in the pursuit of profit with relatively limited influence or barriers from the government. The Wealth of Nations was organized into five books of several chapters each. The first two books examine the fundamentals of the market system and include explanations relating to the role of labor, the nature of capital and markets, and the motives people have for entering into the market system. The third book is mostly an historical examination of the economics in ancient societies. The fourth book is the core of Smith’s argument for the capitalist society and it in these chapters that Smith lays out the core arguments for the limited role of government that is required for long term economic success. The fifth book deals primarily with government spending, revenues and taxation. The Communist Manifesto was much more a call to action than it was a treatise on economics and is a much shorter work than Smith’s The Wealth of Nations. Marx also published a very thorough (and denser) economic examination known as Das Kapital in 1867. The conclusions reached in that and other works would underpin the concepts found in The Communist Manifesto. It is not inaccurate to say that Communism is in many ways the opposite of Capitalism. In The Communist Manifesto, Marx and co-author Friedrich Engels listed 10 attributes of an ideal Communist society. The first one lays out the primary condition: â€Å"Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes. † (Marx Engels, 2006, p. 32) This effectively describes state-ownership and control of all capital and the means of the production made for the benefit of all in a classless society. Communism espouses the idea that the economy should function for the greater good of all society and not merely act as a tool to enrich the ‘bourgeois† or ruling classes. As the title would indicate, The Communist Manifesto lays out the purpose and reasoning for the existence of the Communist party that was developing across Europe in that time. In the prologue, Marx and Engels state the books purpose: It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the Specter of Communism with a Manifesto of the party itself. Marx Engels, 2006, p. 2) The chief disagreement between Capitalists and Communists is who or what is entitled to ownership and the means of production. In chapter one of the second book of The Wealth of Nations, Smith defined capital as the stock (read: assets or money) that a person does not immediately consume for which the owner expects to derive a fu ture profit. (Smith, 1909) This of course implies that the individual has possession and ownership of the capital item in the first place. Marx bestows a social aspect upon what capital is in The Communist Manifesto. Marx stated that capital is a â€Å"collective product? nly by the united action of all members of society, can it be set in motion. Capital is therefore not a personal, it is a social power. † (Marx Engels, 2006, p. 23) In other words, capital belongs to all of the people that are needed to not only produce it, but to provide a reason for its value. One thing that Marx and Smith seems to have agreed upon is something economists call the Labor Theory of Value. While they would ultimately come to different conclusions on the use of the value, the basic assumption is this theory is that value is ultimate derived in an object from the labor necessary to produce it. â€Å"Labor Theory†, 2008) In chapter 5 of book I of The Wealth of Nations, Smith argues that â€Å"the real price of everything? is the toil and trouble of acquiring it. † (Smith, 1909, p. 36) Smith distinguishes this from the nominal value of an item that can vary based on market forces; he holds that the real value is constant in relation to the labor that it used in its production. Smith argues in the following chapter that there are three components to the price of an item: the labor needed to produce it, the â€Å"rent of the land† or resources needed to make it, and the â€Å"profit of stock† that compensates the investor for risking his resources. In Das Kapital, Marx also recognizes the labor component of any item in the first chapter. He states that any commodity has a use-value and an exchange value that is derived from the labor needed to produce it. (Marx, 2000) Marx however viewed the â€Å"profit of stock† as the ability of the capitalist to exploit the wage laborers out of the surplus value of the things they create because of their control over the means of production. The role of government in relation to the economic system is a central theme of how ultimately successful the economic system would become. One of Smith’s core arguments to the success of capitalism is summarized in his most famous metaphor of the â€Å"invisible hand† found in Chapter 2 of Book IV in The Wealth of Nations: By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention. Nor is it always the worse for the society that it was no part of it. By pursuing his own interest he frequently promotes that of the society more effectually than when he really intends to promote it. (Smith, 1909, p. 351-352) Smith argued that in a fair and free market economic system, producers will act in their own self-interest to maximize their profits. As profits increased, competitors would come about seeking to obtain a share of the profits, and would thus drive down prices through this competition. The result was more efficiency and productivity that would lead to the long term benefit of all of society. He was against any government action that would serve to disrupt this natural balance such as trade restrictions, wage laws, and industry regulation. Smith essentially believed that the more the government stayed out of the way, the better off society would be as a whole. In The Communist Manifesto, Marx makes an argument for an entirely stateless society. â€Å"Political power† he states, â€Å"? is merely the organized power of one class for oppressing another. † (Marx Engels, 2006, p. 3) A common theme of The Communist Manifesto is the struggle between different classes of society, to which Marx simplifies to a clash between the â€Å"bourgeois† and the â€Å"proletariats†. Marx argues that â€Å"The essential condition for the existence, and for the sway of the bourgeois class, is the formation and augmentation of capital; the condition for cap ital is wage-labor. † (Marx Engels, 2006, p. 19) Marx held the belief that in a pure Communistic society, there would be no classes, and that the government would out of necessity dominate and control the means of production in the economy. The legacy and impact of Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations was felt throughout Europe shortly after its publication. In England in particular, the British prime ministers sought policies that were attributed to what they had learned in Smith’s book including a new commercial treaty with France, customs reform, and a change in fiscal policy that resulted in lower debt and government spending. Government’s throughout Europe also began to realize the fallacy of the artificial trade barriers erected between the different countries; so much so that they would prefer to trade with their American colonies more often than their own neighbors. West, 1990) Smith’s greatest impact is perhaps the academic contribution to the study of economics. Before The Wealth of Nations, there really was nothing of the sort that so thoroughly examined the fundamentals of economics. Nearly every economist after Smith, including Karl Marx, would use The Wealth of Nations as a primary so urce and base their arguments off of Smith’s suppositions. Marx’s influence on the world however was far from an academic exercise. The violent revolution that Marx predicted would need to occur in order for the proletariats to overthrow the bourgeois did indeed occur in Russia during the â€Å"Red October† of 1917. The ruling aristocracy of Russia’s Czarists came to an end at the hands of Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks. This would lead to the formation of the communist Soviet Union. During the revolution, the Bolsheviks seized all the private property around the country, gave control of all the factories to the government, nationalized all the banks, seized all of the Church’s properties, and declared that they would not honor any foreign debts. Thus the first real attempt at Communism took the form of the Soviet Union; symbolized by the worker’s sickle and hammer on the flag. â€Å"October Revolution†, 2008) The actions of the Soviet Union would go on to inspire many other Eastern countries to attempt their own versions of Communism; all consistent with the principles Marx envisioned in The Communist Manifesto. The resulting conflict of economic fundamentals between these Communist entities and the more Capitalist economies of Western Europe and the United State s would spark conflict throughout much of the 20th century. References capitalism. (2008) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Retrieved December 17, 2008, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Capitalism capitalism. (2008). In Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved December 17, 2008, from http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/capitalism labor theory of value. (2008) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Retrieved December 17, 2008 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Labor_theory Marx, K (2000) Das Kapital Gateway Edition, Washington, DC, Regnery Publishing, Inc Marx, K Engels, F (2006) The Communist Manifesto, New York, Penguin Books October Revolution. 2008) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Retrieved December 17, 2008, from http http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/October_ Revolution Smith, A (1909) Harvard Classics: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, New York, P F Collier and Son West, E (1990) Adam Smith’s Revolution, Past and Present. Adam Smith’s Legacy: His thought in our time. 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Nike Ppt Essay Example

Nike Ppt Essay â€Å"Greeks say when we go to battle and win,we say it is NIKE† INTRODUCTION TO NIKE †¢ Est. in 1960 in Oregon †¢ Phil knight and Bowerman- founder †¢ Started small and now has covered U. S and international markets †¢ Nike is now one of the biggest mfd. Of the world BACKGROUND †¢ Most of the factories are located in Asia including Indonesia,China,Taiwan,India Thailand,Veitnam,Pakistan ,Philippines and Malaysia †¢ Nike outsourcing contracts around 500 factories in 45 countries. Nike currently controls more than 45% of the US sportswear market. Background cont. †¢ The company initially operated as a distributor for Japanese shoe maker Onitsuka Tiger, making most sales at track meets out of Knights automobile. †¢ The companys profits grew quickly, and in 1966, BRS opened its first retail store, located on Pico Boulevard in Santa Monica, California. By 1971, the relationship between BRS and Onitsuka Tiger was nearing an end. ANALYSIS OF CASE STUDY †¢ Child labour †¢ Not satisfying customer needs †¢ Ignorance of mkt. trends Accusations In 1996-1997, Nike was accused of labor violations and human rights abuses in foreign countries (mainly Asian). Contrary Evidences †¢ Thousands of mostly young, female workers in Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Vietnam, China) were being exposed to reproductive toxins and suspected carcinogens. †¢ Some workers were not earning a living wage even though they work oftentimes 12 to 14 hours per day. †¢ Nike workers in Southeast Asia have suffered corporal punishment and corporal abuse. †¢ Nike young female workers have suffered sexual harassment. Nike workers in Southeast Asia have been forced to work overtime in violation of applicable laws. Core issue of Nike NIKE PRATICES CHILD LABOUR †¢ Children are not only the easiest to intimidate, theyre also the cheapest workers. Twelve-year-old Tariq, one of thousands employed in Pakistans soccer ball industry, which produces five million balls a year for the U. S. market, stitches leather pieces in Mahotra. He earns 60 cen ts a ball, and it takes most of a day to make one (Schanberg, 1996: 38). We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Ppt specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Ppt specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nike Ppt specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Silgi is only three. Her hands are so tiny she cant handle a scissors. But she started stitching soccer balls recently to help her mother and four sisters. Together they earn 75 cents a day working in their shanty home in Jullundur, India (Sidebar to Life Magazine Story, p 41 NOTE: There is a photo (Source) of a young girl dressed in town and soiled clothing next to the soccer ball clutching a needle and thread. The needle is longer than her fingers. †¢ CONSEQUENCES Nike executives have been targets at public place †¢ Students have pressed administrators and athletic directors to ban products that have been made under â€Å"sweatshop† conditions †¢ In 2002 an individual sued Nike, alleging that the company knowingly made false and misleading statements in its denial of direct participation in abusive labor conditions abroad. REMEDIES †¢ Nike defended, through corporate news releases, full-page ads in major newspapers, and letters to editors †¢ Nike gav e $1. million to the Washington D. C. based Fair Labor Association (FLA) †¢ In 2003, company employed 86 compliance officer †¢ But stigma of past practices remains emblazoned on its image and brand name. Nike’s Responses †¢ Nike responded with†¦ – Press releases – Letters to the newspaper – Personal letters to university presidents and athletic directors – Campus Visits – Independent audit of factories – Speak at conferences COMPILED BY AKRITI JHA DEEPTI SINGH TRIPTI SINGH